Sinceda ihlabathi likhula ukusukela ngo-2004

Uhlalutyo lweempazamo kunye nemilinganiselo yokutshintsha kwezinto

Yintoni i-switchgear?

Iswitsgear iqulathe iswitshiar enye okanye nangaphezulu kwamandla ombane kunye nolawulo olunxulumene noko, umlinganiso, umqondiso, ukhuseleko, ummiselo kunye nezinye izixhobo, kunye nomenzi onoxanduva lwazo zonke izinto zonxibelelwano zombane kunye noomatshini, indibano epheleleyo yamacandelo olakhiwo kunye. IKhabhinethi ukuvula nokuvala, ukulawula nokukhusela izixhobo zombane kwinkqubo yokuveliswa kwamandla, ukuhanjiswa, ukuhanjiswa kunye nokuguqulwa kwamandla ombane. izixhobo ezahlukeneyo zokukhusela.

Uhlalutyo lweempazamo kunye nemilinganiselo yokutshintsha kwezinto
Izixhobo zokutshintsha izixhobo eziyi-12 ~ 40.5kV lelona nani likhulu lezixhobo zokufaka endaweni yombane kwinkqubo yegridi yamandla. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, iingozi zokutshintsha kwezinto zenzeke rhoqo, zikhokelela kwilahleko zoqoqosho, ukwenzakala kunye nezinye iimpembelelo ezimbi zentlalo.
Ingozi efihliweyo yeengozi kunye neziphene ezisisiseko ikakhulu zijolise kwimowudi ye-wiring, ukukhutshwa kwe-arc yangaphakathi, ubushushu bangaphakathi, ubushushu kunye nokuchasa ukungatshixeki, njl.njl. kuncitshisiwe, kunye nokuthembeka kokusebenza kwenethiwekhi yamandla kuphuculwe ngokuthe chu.

1. Ingxaki efihliweyo kwimowudi yeentambo
1.1. Uhlobo lweengozi olufihliweyo
1.1.1 Umbanjwa kwikhabhathi yeTV uqhagamshele ngqo ebhasini
Ngokweemfuno zemigaqo yokuyila eqhelekileyo, ityesi yokubanjwa komabonakude kufuneka ivunywe ngesithuba sokudibanisa ibhasi, ulungelelwaniso lwendawo yokuma kweTV, imo yoqhagamshelo kunye nezinto ezahlukeneyo, ukubanjwa kwetyeya yeTV ngokusebenzisa ikhareji lokuzibandakanya eliqhagamshelwe ebhasini, xa ulungiso lweTV, ikhareji elikude lodwa , umbane osabanjiweyo usahlawulisiwe, ungenise kwindawo yokugcina izinto abasebenzi bafumana umngcipheko wombane wokubanjwa Umbanjwa kwikhabhathi yeTV ikakhulu uneefom zeentambo, njengoko kubonisiwe kumfanekiso 2:

Imowudi yoqhagamshelo lweswitsgear ifihliwe

1, imo yocingo enye: Ukubanjwa kombane kwikhabhathi yeTV kunye neTV efakwe kwigumbi lokugcina elingasemva, ifyuzi efakwe emotweni, ukubanjwa kombane kunxibelelene ngqo nebhasi, iTV ngesandla sokuzahlula kunye nebhasi edityanisiweyo;
2, imo yocingo ezimbini: i-TV yekhabhathi yokubamba umbane efakwe kwigumbi lebhasi, enxibelelene ngqo nebhasi, iTV kunye nefuse efakwe emotweni;
3, indlela yocingo ezintathu: TV iKhabhinethi umbane arrester efakwe ngokwahlukeneyo kwindawo yokugcina ngasemva okanye yokugcina phambi, inxibelelene ngqo ibhasi, TV kunye fuse efakwe emotweni.
4, imo yocingo lweentambo ezine: i-TV kunye nefyuzi efakwe kwi-XGN uthotho lwekhabhathi, indawo yokubamba efakwe ngokwahlukileyo kwelinye igumbi, edibene ngqo nebhasi;
5, indlela yocingo ezintlanu: umbane obambayo, umabonakude kunye nefyuzi efakwe kwigumbi lokugcina elingasemva, umbane obambe umbane uqhagamshele ngqo ebhasini, umabonwakude uqhagamshelwe kunye nebhasi ngemoto yokuzahlula;
I-6, imowudi yeentambo ezintandathu: ukubanjwa kombane, i-fuse kunye nomabonakude kufakwe kwinqwelo-mafutha yesandla esinye, ukubanjwa kombane kudityaniswe nefuse emva kweqonga.
Eli lungiselelo lelokufaka iintambo ezingalunganga, nje ukuba i-fuse yaphulwe ekusebenzeni, izixhobo ziya kuphulukana nokhuseleko lombanjwa.

1.1.2 Ikhabhinethi engezantsi kwekhabhinethi yokutshintsha ayihlukaniswanga ngokupheleleyo kwikhabhathi esemva
Iikhabhathi ezisezantsi kunye neekhabhathi zangasemva zezinye iikhabhathi zeshintshi zechungechunge lwe-KYN, ezinje ngesitshintshi esiphambili kwiikhabhathi zitshintshela, iikhabinethi zokudibanisa izixhobo zabasetyhini, kunye neekhabhathi ezitshintshayo, azimiselwanga kwaphela. Xa abasebenzi bengena kwiikhabhathi ezisezantsi, banokuthi ngempazamo bachukumise ibhasi okanye indawo ephilayo yentloko yentambo, ekhokelela kukothuka kombane.
Ingozi efihliweyo ayihlukaniswanga phakathi kwekhabinethi esezantsi kunye nekhabhathi esemva kwikhabhathi yotshintsho, njengoko kubonisiwe kumfanekiso 3:

Umzobo 3 Akukho bungozi bufihliweyo obubekwe bucala phakathi kwekhabinethi esezantsi kunye nekhabhathi esemva kwikhabhathi yotshintsho

1.2, amanyathelo
Ikhabhathi yotshintsho olunemowudi efihliweyo yokutshintsha kufuneka ihlaziywe kube kanye.
Umzobo weskim wokutshintsha kwemowudi yenguqu yewindows ubonakalisiwe kuMzobo 5:

IKHIWANE. 5 Umzobo obonisa ubume benguqu yotshintsho kwimowudi ye-wgegear

1.2.1 Iskimu sohlengahlengiso lobuchwephesha kwimowudi yokubamba imibane kwikhabhathi yeTV
1, kwimowudi yokufaka iintambo enye, susa umbane kwigumbi, imo yocingo yeTV ayitshintshi, igumbi lebhasi yoqobo ngembobo yodonga ivaliwe, umbane obanjelwe umbane uguqulwe waba yimoto yokubamba fuse kwimoto yesandla, kunye nombane ubambe ngokuhambelana nefuse kunye nesekethe yeTV.
2. Kwimowudi yokubamba ezimbini, susa umbane kwigumbi lebhasi, uhambise umbane ukuya kwimoto ehambayo kwaye uyiphinde ibe sisixhobo sokubamba umbane kunye nombane, yongeza ipleyiti yokufaka ibhokisi yoqhagamshelo esezantsi, ukudideka kwebhokisi yoqhakamshelwano kunye nendlela yevalve, faka i-TV emgqomeni ongemva, kwaye uyixhume kunxibelelwano olusezantsi lwemoto yesandla sodwa ngokukhokela.
Esi sikimu sinokuphunyezwa kwimoto yoqobo, kodwa sinokujonga ukubuyisela imoto entsha.
3.Kwimowudi yesintambo ezintathu, susa umbane wegumbi lokuqala, uhambise umbane ukuya kwimoto ehambayo kwaye uyiphinde ibe yifyuzi kunye nombane, uvale umngxunya wodonga wegumbi lokuqala lebhasi, yongeza isitya sokufaka ibhokisi yoqhagamshelo esezantsi yemoto yesandla, isiphithiphithi sebhokisi yoqhagamshelo kunye nendlela yevalve, faka iTV kwigumbi elingasemva kwaye uyixhume kunxibelelwano olusezantsi ngocingo olukhokelayo.
Esi sikimu sinokuphunyezwa kwimoto yoqobo, kodwa sinokujonga ukubuyisela imoto entsha.

4. Kwimowudi yokufaka iintambo ezine, susa isikhuseli kwezinye iinxalenye zecandelo, uhambise umbanjwa uye kwi-fuse kunye neecandelo lezixhobo zeTV, uqhagamshele kwikhefu lokucima uqhagamshelo, kwaye ulidibanise ngokuhambelana nefusi kunye nesekethe yeTV.
I-5, yemowudi yeentambo ezintlanu, ukubanjwa kombane, indawo yokufakwa kweTV ayitshintshanga, umbane obambe umbane okhokelayo uqhagamshelwe ngokuthe ngqo kunxibelelwano lwemoto olwahlukanisiweyo, igumbi lebhasi yoqobo ngembobo yodonga.
6. Kwimowudi yoqhagamshelo 6, imo yoyilo yeyonxibelelwano olungalunganga. Emva kokuba i-fuse ifakelwe ukusebenza, izixhobo ziya kuphulukana nokhuseleko lomntu obambayo.
Susa umbane obanjiweyo kunye nefyuzi kwimoto yesandla sentsusa, tshintsha indawo yokubamba iintambo, yenza umbane obambe umbane udityaniswe nomphezulu wefuse, kwaye ngokuhambelana nefuse kunye nesekethe yeTV.

1.2.2 Amanyathelo okhuseleko kukungazaliseki okungagqitywanga phakathi kwekhabinethi esezantsi kunye nekhabhathi esemva kwikhabhathi yotshintsho
Ngenxa yokuba olu hlobo lweswitshi semveliso yeekhabhathi silungisiwe, ukuba ulwahlulo lwesitya lufakelwe kutshintsho, ulwakhiwo lwangaphakathi kunye nokusasazwa kwesithuba kuya kutshintshwa, kunye nokusebenza kukhuseleko lwangaphakathi kwemveliso akunakuqinisekiswa. Ke ngoko, kufuneka kuqinisekiswe ugcino oluphambili lwe-10kV kwicala lolondolozo kunye nolondolozo oluphambili lwesitshixo sombane ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe umsebenzi.

2. Ubungakanani bokukhutshwa kwearc yangaphakathi engonelanga
Iindidi zeengozi ezifihliweyo
Kwintsebenzo eyiyo, isinyithi esivaliweyo sokutshintsha ikhabhinethi ngokwayo ineziphene, zidityaniswa neemeko ezimbi zokusebenza ezibangelwa kukuwohloka kokusebenza kokungasebenzi kakuhle okanye ukungasebenzi kakuhle kunye nezinye izizathu, kuya kubangela isiphoso se-arc yangaphakathi.
I-arc eveliswe sisiphaluka esifutshane ineqondo lobushushu eliphezulu kunye namandla amakhulu. I-arc ngokwayo ilula kakhulu ngegesi yeplasma. Ngaphantsi kwesenzo samandla ombane kunye negesi eshushu, i-arc iya kuhamba ngesantya esiphezulu kwikhabhinethi kwaye ibangele ukwanda ngokukhawuleza kwenqanaba lesiphoso.
I-gasification kule meko, izinto zokugquma, ukunyibilika kwesinyithi, ukutshintsha ubushushu bekhabhathi yangaphakathi kunye noxinzelelo, ukuba ayenzelwanga okanye ayifakwanga ijelo lokukhupha uxinzelelo, uxinzelelo olukhulu luya kubangela ukuba ikhabethe lizibeke kwisitya somnye, iplanga lomnyango, iihenjisi, ifestile enzulu ukusilela kunye nokwaphuka, i-arc eveliswe bubushushu bekhabhathi yomoya uzibeke kwindawo yomnye umntu, ibangele kufutshane nokusebenza kwezixhobo zokugcina abasebenzi,
Nokuba kusongela ubomi.
Okwangoku, kukho iingxaki ezinje ngokuba akukho jelo loncedo lucinezelweyo, iseti yoxinzelelo yoxinzelelo engekho ngqiqweni, amandla okukhutshwa kwe-arc yangaphakathi awavavanywa kwaye aqinisekiswanga, kwaye uvavanyo alungqini ngexesha lovavanyo.

2.2, amanyathelo okulwa
[Ukhetho] Shintsha ukusebenza kwe-arc kwimpazamo yangaphakathi ye-arc kufanele ukuba ibe kwinqanaba le-IAC, ubude be-arc yangaphakathi abufanele ukuba bungabi ngaphantsi kwe-0.5s, uvavanyo lwangoku lilinganisiwe ixesha elifutshane ukumelana ngoku.
Iimveliso ezinesilinganiselo sokujikeleza kwesekethe yangoku ngaphezulu kwe-31.5kA, uvavanyo lwe-arc lwangaphakathi lunokwenziwa ngokwe-31.5kA.
[Ukulungiswa] Yongeza okanye utshintshe ijelo lokunikezela uxinzelelo, kwaye uqhube uvavanyo lwe-arc lwangaphakathi kunye nokuqinisekisa ngokungqinelana ngokungqongqo neemfuno zovavanyo oluqhelekileyo lomgangatho.
[Ukukhuselwa] Uxinzelelo olufanelekileyo lwenqanaba eliphambili lokhuselo lokutshintsha, ukunciphisa ixesha lokungaphumeleli kwempazamo arc.

3, ingxaki yokugquma kwangaphakathi
3.1 Uhlobo lweengozi olufihliweyo
Kule minyaka idlulileyo, umthamo weemveliso zekhabhathi zotshintsho uncitshisiwe, ukusebenza kwe-insulation yeziphene zekhabhinethi, iimpazamo zonyukile.
Ukusebenza okuphambili: ukunyuka umgama kunye nokucoca umoya akwanele, ngakumbi ikhabhathi yesandla, ngoku abavelisi abaninzi ukuze banciphise ubungakanani bekhabhinethi, kunciphise kakhulu ikhefu lesekethe elifakwe kwikhabhinethi, iplagi yokuzahlula kunye nomgama phakathi komhlaba, kodwa khange athathe manyathelo afanelekileyo okuqinisekisa ukomelela kobushushu;
Inkqubo yendibano engalunganga, ngenxa yomgangatho wendibano osweleyo, icandelo elinye kwikhabhathi yokutshintsha linokuluphumelela uvavanyo loxinzelelo, kodwa yonke ikhabinethi yokutshintsha ayinakudlula emva kwendibano;
Umthamo wonxibelelwano awonelanga okanye unxibelelwano olubi, xa umthamo wokunxibelelana ungonelanga okanye unxibelelwano olubi, ukwanda kweqondo lobushushu, ukunyuka kokusebenza kokuncipha, unobangela emhlabeni okanye kwisigaba sokuqaqamba;
Ubunzima be-condensation, i-heater eyakhelwe-ngaphakathi kulula ukuyonakalisa, ayinakusebenza ngesiqhelo, kwimeko yokutshintsha kweKhabinethi, ukunciphisa ukusebenza kwe-insulation;
Ukusebenza okungafunekiyo okungafunekiyo kwezincedisi ezixhasayo.
Ukwenzela ukunciphisa iindleko, abanye abavelisi bamkela inqanaba elisezantsi lokuxhoma izincedisi ezixhasayo, ukunciphisa ukusebenza kwe-insulation yonke kwikhabhinethi yokutshintsha.

3.2, iindlela zokuchasana
Akufanele siphishekele ngokungaboniyo kwi-miniaturization ye-switchgear. Kuya kufuneka sithenge izixhobo ezifanelekileyo ngokuhambelana nemeko yeprojekthi, ubeko lwesikhululo, ukusebenza kunye nokugcinwa, ukulungiswa kwezixhobo kunye nezinye izinto.
Izixhobo ezisebenzisa umoya okanye umoya / izinto zokwambathisa njengobushushu obuphakathi, ubukhulu, amandla endawo yoyilo kunye nokuguga kwezinto zokwambathisa kufuneka ziqwalaselwe, kwaye umenzi kufuneka enze uvavanyo lokunyusa ngokweemfuno eziqhelekileyo;
Kwizinto ezinje ngomkhono waseludongeni kwikhabhathi yotshintsho nakwikhabhathi yenethiwekhi yesangqa, ivalve yoomatshini, kunye nokugoba kwebar ibhasi, ukuba umgama wokufaka umoya womnatha ungaphantsi kwe-125mm (12kV) kunye ne-300mm (40.5kV), umqhubi kufuneka axhotyiswe ngesingxobo sokugquma.
Amanyathelo anje ngokutyibilika kunye nokupholisha kufuneka athathwe ukunqanda ukuphazamiseka kwentsimi yombane kwiindawo apho amandla endle egxile khona, njengokungena kunye nokuphuma kwebhasi, ivelufa yomatshini kunye nekona lebhasi.
Ibhasi yebhasi kwikhabhathi ixhasa izixhobo ezithile apho umgama wokugquma ungafikeleli kwiimeko ezingafunekiyo, ezinje ngeebhotile ze-porcelain. Spray RTV yokugquma ukutyabeka ukuphucula iimeko zobuchwephesha bokusebenza kwezixhobo ezindala.

4. Isiphene sefiva
4.1 Iindidi zeengozi ezifihliweyo
Indawo yoqhagamshelo kwindawo yoqhagamshelo ayilunganga, ukunyuka koqhakamshelwano kuyonyusa, ingxaki yokufudumeza ibalulekile, enje ngonxibelelwano olwahlukileyo lokuziqhagamshela;
Uyilo lwekhabhathi yentsimbi eyakhiwe ngemipu alukho ngqiqweni, umoya awudlulisi omoya, amandla okusasaza ubushushu awalunganga, iingxaki zokufudumeza kwikhabhathi zininzi;
Udonga lwendonga, isiguquli sangoku kunye nolunye ulwakhiwo lobume be-electromagnetic loop evaliweyo, ekhokelela ku-eddy yangoku, ebangela ukufakwa kobushushu bokuphambuka kwezinto kuyinto enzulu;
Isixhobo esomileyo esivaliweyo sekhabhathi yezixhobo ezomileyo (uhlobo lwetransformer yangoku, uhlobo lombane oluguquliweyo, uhlobo olomileyo lwesiguquli) ubungakanani obukhethiweyo bokubiyela ucingo alwanelanga, inkqubo yenkqubo yokuphosa ayingqongqo, kulula ukonakalisa ubushushu.
4.2, amanyathelo okulwa
Ukomeleza ukusasaza kobushushu kwikhabhathi yotshintsho, kunye nokufaka i-blower kunye ne-fan yoyilo;
Ngokudibanisa nokusilela kwamandla, uxinzelelo lomfowunelwa woqhakamshelwano olunamandla kunye no-static kufuneka luhlolwe kwaye lubuyiselwe xa kukho imfuneko. Kwangelo xesha, indawo yokudinwa yokudibana kufuneka ithathelwe indawo.
Yandisa uphando kubuchwephesha bokulinganisa ubushushu ngaphakathi kwekhabhinethi, kwaye usebenzise ubuchwepheshe obutsha obufana nomlinganiselo wobushushu obungenazingcingo ukusombulula ingxaki enzima yomlinganiso wobushushu.

5, ukuthintela ukuvala impazamo akufezekanga
5.1 Iingozi ezinokubakho
Uninzi lweekhabhathi zotshintsho zixhotyiswe ngesixhobo sokutshixa ngempazamo, kodwa ukutshixa kwayo okubanzi nokunyanzelekileyo kokuchasana neempazamo akuhlangabezani neemfuno.
Inxalenye yotshintsho lwekhabhinethi yasemnyango kumnyango ongasemva unokuvulwa, akukho bungqina bokuvalela ngempazamo, akukho kuphazamiseka kokuzahlula kabini, kuvulwe emva kokuba iinxalenye eziphilayo zinokuchukumiseka ngokuthe ngqo, kwaye izikrufu zizikere eziqhelekileyo ezinamacala amathandathu, kulula ukuvula umnyango ungene ingozi yekhabinethi yengozi;
Inxalenye yesiguquli esiphambili, owasetyhini, umabonwakude, isiguquli kunye nolunye utshintsho ngaphandle kokwenza iswitshi, emva kocango lwekhabhinethi olulandelayo kunye nokucima isitshixo akuzange kwenziwe isitshixo somatshini, kungasusa isikrufu esivule ngqo emva komnyango, singavali kwimeko ucango lunokuvala kwakhona amandla, kulula ukwenza ukuba abasebenzi bokugcina bavule ngempazamo, ngena kwisithuba sombane, ingozi yomothuko yabasebenzi;
Amacandelo aphezulu kunye asezantsi omnyango wangasemva wezinye iikhabhathi zotshintsho azinokutshixwa ngokuzimeleyo, kwaye umnyango ophezulu utshixiwe ngumnyango ongezantsi.
Xa i-outlet switching switch ivaliwe, isitshixo somnyango wekhabhathi esezantsi siyasuswa, kwaye nomnyango wekhabhathi ongasemva unokuvulwa, kulula ukwenza ingozi yomothuko wombane.
Ezifana ne-KYN28 switchgear;
Emva kokuba ezinye iimoto ezitshintshayo zikhutshelwe ngaphandle, ibhloko yokuzihlukanisa iyodwa inokutyhalwa ngokulula. Ngaphandle kokuthintela ukutshixwa ngengozi, umzimba ohlawulweyo uyavezwa, kwaye abasebenzi bathambekele ekuvuleni i-static contact valve baffle yeswitshi ngempazamo, kukhokelela kwingozi yomothuko wombane.

5.2, amanyathelo okulwa
Umsebenzi wotshintsho lwekhabhinethi lomsebenzi awugqibekanga, kuba ngasemva komnyango wekhabhinethi unokuvulwa, kwaye uvule unokuchukumisa ngokuthe ngqo iindawo zokuhlala zekhabethe ephezulu yokutshintsha ikhabethe efakwe ngoomatshini bokuvala, qwalasela inkqubo yokutshixa inkqubo yekhompyuter yokuchasana nempazamo;
Faka ukudibanisa phakathi kokutshintsha komhlaba kunye nomnyango wekhabhathi ongasemva kwiswitshi yekhabinethi efana neGG1A kunye neXGN, kwaye ufake isixhobo sokubonisa bukhoma ukutshixa ukusebenza kokutshintsha komhlaba.
Jonga ukuthembeka kwesixhobo esichasene nempazamo ngokuthe rhoqo, kwaye ujonge isixhobo esibambekayo esingumatshini phakathi kwesithuthi kunye neswitshi somhlaba, iswitshi yokuqhawula kunye nokucima isitshixo lithuba lokusilela kwamandla.

6, ukuqukumbela
Ukutshintsha izixhobo zekhabinethi sisixhobo esibalulekileyo sokufakwa endaweni kwigridi yamandla. Ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwayo okuzinzileyo, ulawulo kufuneka lomelezwe kuyo yonke imiba enje ngoyilo, izinto, inkqubo, uvavanyo, ukukhetha uhlobo, ukusebenza kunye nokugcinwa.
Ngokuhambelana ngokungqongqo neemfuno zoyilo eziqhelekileyo, zidityaniswe nemigangatho yesizwe kunye neyamashishini, ukubeka phambili iimfuno zoyilo lobugcisa, ngokusisiseko zisuse iingcingo ezifihlakeleyo;
Ngokwemigangatho yesizwe kunye neyamashishini, kunye namanyathelo okulwa ingozi, yenza iimfuno ezingqongqo zamaxwebhu okubhida, ukukhusela iimveliso ezingafanelekanga ekusebenzeni kwenethiwekhi;
Yomeleza ukubekwa kweliso kwindawo yokujonga, ungqina ngokungqongqo amanqaku aphambili emveliso kunye novavanyo lwefektri, kwaye ungavumi ngokuqinisekileyo iimveliso ezingafanelekanga ukuba zishiye umzi-mveliso;
Ukusebenza ngokukuko kolawulo lwesiphene kulawulo, ukomeleza ukuphunyezwa kwamanyathelo okulwa neengozi;
Ukuphucula umsebenzi wekhabhinethi wokuchasana nempazamo, ukomeleza ulawulo lwesixhobo sokuvala isiphoso, faka isixhobo sokubonisa bukhoma, kwaye sisebenzisane nenkqubo "yokuthintela ezintlanu", ukuqinisekisa ukutshixa okubanzi kunye nokunyanzeliswa kokuchasana nempazamo.


Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-11-2021