Intshayelelo emfutshane yeSwitchgear

Iswitshi luhlobo lwezixhobo zombane, umphandle weswitshi uqala ngokungena kwiswitshi yokulawula ephambili kwikhabhinethi, uze ungene kwiswitshi yokulawula engaphantsi, kwaye i-sub-circuit nganye isetiwe ngokweemfuno zayo.
Ezifana nesixhobo, ulawulo oluzenzekelayo, iswitshi ye-motor magnetic, zonke iintlobo zee-contactors ze-AC, ezinye zikwasetwa kwigumbi loxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye nekhabhathi yotshintsho lwegumbi loxinzelelo oluphantsi, kunye nebhasi yoxinzelelo oluphezulu, njengezityalo zamandla, ezinye zikwasetwa ukukhusela izixhobo eziphambili zokunciphisa umthwalo ophantsi ngeveki.
Umsebenzi ophambili wekhabhinethi yokutshintsha kukuvula nokuvala, ukulawula nokukhusela izixhobo zombane kwinkqubo yokuvelisa umbane, ukuhambisa, ukusasaza kunye nokuguqula amandla ombane.
Izinto ezikwikhabhinethi yeswitshi ziquka ikakhulu i-circuit breaker, i-disconnecting switch, i-load switch, indlela yokusebenza, i-mutual inductor kunye nezixhobo ezahlukeneyo zokukhusela.
Kukho iindlela ezininzi zokwahlulahlula iswitshi, ezifana nokufakelwa kwe-circuit breaker, apho iswitshi ishukumayo inokuthi yahlulwe ibe yiswitshi eshukumayo kunye neswitshi esisigxina;
Okanye ngokwesakhiwo esahlukileyo sekhabhinethi, ingahlulwa ibe yikhabhinethi yeswitshi evulekileyo, ikhabhinethi yeswitshi evaliweyo yesinyithi, kunye nekhabhinethi yeswitshi evaliweyo yesinyithi;
Ngokwemigangatho eyahlukeneyo ye-voltage, i-switchgear inokwahlulwa ibe yi-high voltage, i-medium voltage switchgear kunye ne-low voltage switchgear.
Isebenza kakhulu kwizityalo zamandla, izitishi ezincinci, iikhemikhali, ukuqengqeleka kwentsimbi yesinyithi, imboni yelaphu elikhanyayo, iifektri kunye namashishini emigodi kunye neendawo zokuhlala, izakhiwo eziphakamileyo kunye nezinye iziganeko ezahlukeneyo.

A. "Ukhuseleko oluhlanu" lweSwitchgear yeVoltage ephezulu

1. Emva kokuba itroli ye-vacuum circuit breaker kwikhabhinethi yeswitshi ye-voltage ephezulu ivaliwe kwindawo yovavanyo, i-trolley circuit breaker ayinakungena kwindawo yokusebenza. (Thintela ukuvala ngomthwalo)

2. Xa imela yokumisa umhlaba kwikhabhinethi yokutshintsha umbane ophezulu ikwindawo yayo, i-car circuit breaker ayinakungena kwaye ivale. (Thintela ucingo lokumisa umhlaba ukuba lungavali)

3. Xa i-vacuum circuit breaker kwikhabhinethi yeswitshi ye-voltage ephezulu isebenza ekuvaleni, ucango lwangasemva lwekhabhinethi lutshixiwe ngomatshini kwimela yokumisa umhlaba. (Ukuthintela ukuphambuka kombane).

4. Isixhobo sokuvala i-vacuum circuit kwikhabhinethi yeswitshi ye-voltage ephezulu siyavalwa ngexesha lokusebenza, kwaye imela yokumisa umhlaba ayinakufakwa. (Nqanda intambo yokumisa umhlaba ukuba ingaxhonywa xa isebenza)

5. I-vacuum circuit breaker kwikhabhinethi yeswitshi ye-voltage ephezulu ayinakuphuma kwindawo yokusebenza ye-car circuit breaker xa isebenza. (Thintela ukutsala i-brake ngomthwalo)

B. Udidi
Ihlelwe ngokweklasi ye-voltage

Ngokwendlela yokwahlulahlula i-voltage level, i-AC1000V kunye ne-low-voltage zidla ngokubizwa ngokuba yi-low-voltage switchgear (ezifana ne-PGL, GGD, GCK, GBD, MNS, njl.njl.), kwaye i-AC1000V nangaphezulu ibizwa ngokuba yi-high-voltage switchgear (ezifana ne-GG-1A, XGN15, KYN48, njl.njl.). Ngamanye amaxesha i-voltage kwi-high voltage cabinet yi-AC10kV ebizwa ngokuba yi-medium voltage cabinet (ezifana ne-XGN15 10kV ring network cabinet).

C. Ihlulwe ngokwendlela ye-voltage waveform

Yahlulwe yaba: ikhabhinethi yokutshintsha i-AC, ikhabhinethi yokutshintsha i-DC.

D. Ihlelwe ngokwesakhiwo sangaphakathi

Iswitshi yokutsala (efana ne-GCS, i-GCK, i-MNS, njl.njl.), iswitshi esisigxina (efana ne-GGD, njl.njl.)

E. Ngokusebenzisa

Ikhabhinethi yomgca engenayo, ikhabhinethi yomgca ephumayo, ikhabhinethi yokulinganisa, ikhabhinethi yokuhlawula (ikhabhinethi ye-capacitor), ikhabhinethi yekona, ikhabhinethi yebhasi.

Iinkqubo zokusebenza
A. Inkqubo yokudlulisela umbane

1. Faka ipleyiti yokutywina yangasemva kuqala, uze uvale ucango lwangaphambili.
2. Sebenzisa i-ground switch spindle uze uyivule.
3. Tyhala imoto yesandla (kwimeko yokuba ibhreki ivuliwe) kwikhabhathi (kwindawo yovavanyo) kunye nemoto yokudlulisa (imoto yeqonga).
4. Faka iplagi yesibini kwisokethi engashukumiyo (isalathisi sendawo yovavanyo sivuliwe), vala ucango oluphakathi olungaphambili.
5. tyhala inqwelo ephathwayo ukusuka kwindawo yovavanyo (imeko evulekileyo) ukuya kwindawo yokusebenza ngesiphatho (isalathisi sendawo yokusebenza sivuliwe, isalathisi sendawo yovavanyo sivaliwe).
6. Imoto yesandla yokuvala i-circuit breaker.

B. Inkqubo yokusilela kombane (ukugcinwa)
1 Vula inqwelo-mafutha yesekethe eqhekezayo.
Phuma kwimoto yesandla ukusuka kwindawo yokusebenza (imeko yebhuleki evulekileyo) uye kwindawo yokuvavanya ngesiphatho.
3 (isalathisi sendawo yokusebenza sivaliwe, isalathisi sendawo yovavanyo sivuliwe).
4 Vula ucango oluphakathi olungaphambili.
5 Tsala iplagi yesibini kwisokethi engashukumiyo (isalathisi sendawo yovavanyo sivaliwe).
6. Phuma kwikhabhathi enemoto yokudlulisa impahla (ekwimeko evulekileyo).
7. Sebenzisa i-ground switch spindle uze uyivale.
8. Ipleyiti yokutywina evulekileyo ngasemva kunye nocango olusezantsi olungaphambili.

Ukubeka iliso nokukhusela ukhuseleko
Ngokusebenzisa uthotho lweemvavanyo zokuva zemithombo eyahlukeneyo yokukhanya, iimpawu ze-arc yempazamo yangaphakathi ziyachongwa.
Ngokwale njongo, i-optical fiber sensor kunye nesixhobo sokuchonga nokukhusela i-arc yangaphakathi esineendawo ezininzi ezisasazwayo nezisebenzisekayo ziyaphuhliswa ngokusebenzisa umthetho we-arc single criterion.
Esi sixhobo sinezibonelelo zesakhiwo esilula, iindleko eziphantsi, ixesha elikhawulezayo lokusebenza kunye nokukwazi ukulwa nokuphazamiseka.
Ayinakusetyenziswa yodwa kuphela, kodwa inokudibaniswa nezixhobo ezahlukeneyo zokukhusela i-relay, ukuze iindleko zekhabhinethi yokutshintsha zinganyuswa, inqanaba lobugcisa kunye nexabiso elongezelelweyo liphuculwe kakhulu.