Izixhobo zombane ezisebenzisa umbane ophantsi ziya kuba yeyona nto iphambili kwimarike

(1) Imfuno entsha ebangelwe kukusasazwa okukhulu kwezakhiwo ze-smart grid

Ukwakhiwa kwegridi ehlakaniphileyo kuza kuqaliswa ngamanqanaba amathathu ngaphambi kowama-2020. Isigaba sokuqala singowama-2009-2011, ikakhulu senzelwe uphando kunye neeprojekthi zovavanyo; isigaba sesibini singowama-2011-2015, xa igridi ehlakaniphileyo iza kuqaliswa ngomlinganiselo omkhulu; isigaba sesithathu singowama-2016-2020 ukufezekisa uphuculo nophuculo olupheleleyo. Okwangoku, i-State Grid Corporation yaseTshayina inyusa ukwenziwa kwemigangatho yobugcisa ephantse ibe ngama-200 yegridi ehlakaniphileyo yaseTshayina. Ukwaziswa kocwangciso kunye nemigangatho kuye kwazisa ukwakhiwa kwegridi ehlakaniphileyo kolu hambo, oluya kuzisa imfuno enkulu yee-breakers zesekethe eziphantsi zombane eziphakathi neziphezulu.

(2) Utyalo-mali lwemveliso luqhuba ukukhula kwexesha elizayo

Ukuvelisa yindawo ebalulekileyo yokusetyenziswa kwishishini lombane elisebenzisa umbane ophantsi, kwaye yenye yezona ndawo zilishumi zibalulekileyo zobunjineli zokonga amandla kunye nokunciphisa ukukhutshwa komoya. Ngenxa yoxinzelelo lwezalathisi zokonga amandla, ishishini lokuvelisa laseTshayina liza kugcina imfuno enamandla yolawulo lokonga amandla kunye neemveliso zombane ezikrelekrele zokusasazwa kwamandla.

(3) Amandla omoya, amandla elanga kunye namanye amandla amatsha azisa imfuno enkulu yee-low-voltage circuit breakers eziphakathi neziphezulu.

Emva kweNkomfa yaseCopenhagen, utyalo-mali kumandla amatsha luye lwaba yinto ephambili kwihlabathi liphela. Amandla amatsha kunye noqoqosho olusebenzisa ikhabhoni ephantsi ziye zaba ziindlela eziphambili zoshishino lwezixhobo zombane. Uphuhliso olunamandla lwamandla amatsha luya kudala imfuno enkulu yeemveliso zombane ezisebenza kakuhle kakhulu nezizinzileyo nezikumgangatho ophezulu ezisebenzisa umbane ophantsi. Imfuno yezinto zombane ezisebenzisa umbane ophantsi kulindeleke ukuba inyuke kakhulu kwiminyaka emi-3-5. Inani leetekhnoloji eziphambili neziphambili ezifana nenkqubo yokulawula i-inverter kunye netekhnoloji eqhagamshelwe kwigridi yamandla omoya kunye nokuveliswa kwamandla e-photovoltaic kufuneka ziphuhliswe. Oku kukwayindlela yokwandiswa kwexesha elizayo kweshishini lombane elisebenzisa umbane ophantsi.

Ukususela ekupheleni kwenkulungwane yama-20 ukuya ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yama-21, iinkampani ezinkulu zangaphandle ziye zazisa i-ACB kunye ne-MCCB ezintsha ngokulandelelana, kwaye ziye zaphuculwa kwaye zandiswa rhoqo. Zenze inkqubela phambili enkulu kunye notshintsho ngokubhekiselele ekusebenzeni okuphambili kobugcisa, ulwakhiwo lwemveliso, kunye nezicelo zobuchwepheshe obutsha. Phakathi kwazo, i-Siemens yaseJamani yeyona ibalaseleyo. Izixhobo zayo zombane ezisebenzisa umbane ophantsi ezinokunxibelelana zinokwenza inkqubo enkulu kakhulu yemizi-mveliso, inkqubo yokujonga ukusasazwa kwamandla kunye nenkqubo yokwenza izinto ngokuzenzekelayo. I-MDU series circuit breaker eyenziwe yiMitsubishi Corporation inokufezekisa ngokuthe ngqo inethiwekhi yokujonga amandla ombane. Inkqubo, inkqubo yokujonga inethiwekhi yezixhobo, njl.

Izixhobo zombane ezisebenzisa umbane ophantsi zisetyenziswa kakhulu kumashishini ahlukeneyo kuqoqosho lwelizwe kwaye zinxulumene kakhulu nemeko yotyalo-mali oluzinzileyo kuluntu lonke. 21 Enyanisweni, yayilixesha lophuhliso olukhawulezileyo kwishishini lezixhobo zombane ezisebenzisa umbane ophantsi eTshayina. Izinga lokukhula kweshishini lezixhobo zombane ezisebenzisa umbane ophantsi kwilizwe lam lihlale likwi-10%-15% kwiminyaka yakutshanje. Amandla emarike yeshishini lezixhobo zombane ezisebenzisa umbane ophantsi anxulumene kakhulu nophuhliso lwamashishini ombane, amashishini, izindlu, kunye nonxibelelwano. Kunye nohlengahlengiso lwesakhiwo semfuno yezixhobo zombane ezisebenzisa umbane ophantsi kunye nemfuno enokubakho yemarike yamazwe ngamazwe, ibonelela ngendawo ebanzi yophuhliso lwexesha elizayo lweshishini lezixhobo zombane ezisebenzisa umbane ophantsi.

Ngexesha leSicwangciso seMinyaka emihlanu seShumi elinesibini, ngokuqhubela phambili ukwakhiwa kwegridi ekrelekrele kunye nophuhliso oluqhubekayo lwetekhnoloji yokuvelisa umbane osebenzisa amandla aphantsi, isizukulwana esitsha sezixhobo zombane ezisebenzisa amandla aphantsi ezibonisa ubukrelekrele, imodularity, kunye nobuchule bonxibelelwano ziya kuba ziimveliso eziphambili kwimarike. Iimveliso zesizukulwana sokuqala ziya kurhoxa kwimarike ngo-2010, iimveliso zesizukulwana sesibini ziya kuba ziimveliso ezikumgangatho ophantsi, kwaye iimveliso zesizukulwana sesithathu kunye nezinye iimveliso zesizukulwana sesibini ziya kuba ziimveliso eziphakathi. Ukususela ngo-2021 ukuya ku-2025, igridi ekrelekrele iya kungena kwinqanaba lokwakha elibanzi kwiinkalo ezisixhenxe kubandakanya ukuhanjiswa kwamandla, ukuguqulwa, ukusasazwa, kunye nonxibelelwano.