Yintoni i-ANSI Ceramic Bushing?

Iibhushi ze-ANSI ceramicziimveliso ze-ceramic bushing ezihambelana nemigangatho yobugcisa ebekwe yi-American National Standards Institute (ANSI). Zenzelwe ngokukodwa ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokufakelwa kombane ezisemgangathweni, inkxaso yoomatshini, kunye neemfuno zokhuseleko lokhuseleko lwezixhobo zombane ezine-voltage ephezulu eMntla Melika nakwimarike yehlabathi. Idibanisa iipropati ezintle zezixhobo ze-ceramic kunye nemigangatho engqongqo yemigangatho ye-ANSI. Yenye yeendidi eziphambili zezixhobo zokufakelwa kombane ezine-voltage ephezulu kwinkqubo yamandla.
I. Inkcazo ePhambili: Yintoni iI-ANSI Ceramic Bushing?
Iibhasi ze-ANSI ceramic azibhekiseli kwimo ethile, kodwa ziyilwe, zenziwe, kwaye zavavanywa ngokuhambelana nemigangatho ye-ANSI efanelekileyo (njenge-ANSI C37 series “High Voltage Switchgear Standards”, i-ANSI/IEEE C57 series “Transformer Standards”, njl.njl.). Eyona nto iphambili kukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kokufakwa kwe-insulation, uzinzo loomatshini, kunye nokutshintshiselana kwemveliso kwindawo enombane ophezulu ngokusebenzisa ubungakanani obumiselweyo, iiparameter zokusebenza, kunye neenkqubo zovavanyo, ezilungele ngakumbi iigridi zamandla zaseMntla Melika kunye neeprojekthi zamazwe ngamazwe ezamkela imigangatho ye-ANSI.
II. Imigangatho ephambili ye-ANSI ilandelwe
Uyilo kunye nokuveliswa kwee-ANSI ceramic bushings kufuneka kuhambelane nemigangatho emininzi ejolise kuyo. Imigangatho eqhelekileyo engundoqo ibandakanya:
​I-ANSI C37.04​: Ichaza iiparameter ezilinganisiweyo, inqanaba lokufakelwa, kunye neendlela zovavanyo (ezifana ne-voltage yokumelana ne-frequency yamandla, i-voltage yokumelana ne-lightning impulse) kwi-switchgear ene-voltage ephezulu (kubandakanya ii-bushings);
​I-ANSI C37.34Iimfuno zobugcisa zee-bushings ezine-voltage ephezulu, kubandakanya ukunyamezelana okulinganayo, imithwalo yoomatshini (ukuxinana, ukugoba, ukugoba), kunye nokusebenza kozinzo lobushushu;
​ANSI/IEEE C57.19.01Imigangatho yee-bushings ze-transformer, echaza ngokucacileyo i-voltage elinganisiweyo, i-current elinganisiweyo, umda wokunyuka kobushushu, kunye nokusebenza kokutywina kwee-bushings;
Uthotho lwe-ANSI C29​: Amandla oomatshini kunye nemigangatho yovavanyo lokusebenza kombane kwii-insulator zangaphandle (kubandakanya ii-bushings ezingasemva/ezangaphakathi) (ezifana namandla okugoba, uvavanyo lokungcoliseka kongcoliseko);
Le migangatho iqinisekisa ukuhambelana (njengokuba ubungakanani bofakelo buhlala bufana) kunye nokuthembeka (ngovavanyo oluqinileyo oluhlanganisiweyo) kwee-bushings ze-ANSI ceramic phakathi kwabavelisi kunye neebhetshi ezahlukeneyo.
III. Iimpawu zeSakhiwo kunye nezinto eziphathekayo (ezilungiselelwe ngokusekwe kwiMigangatho ye-ANSI)
Ulwakhiwo lwe-ANSI ceramic bushings lufana nolo lwe-ceramic bushings oluqhelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yeemfuno ezineenkcukacha zemigangatho ye-ANSI, ukukhethwa kwezinto kunye noyilo oluneenkcukacha kugxininisa ngakumbi ekuzivumelaniseni okuqhelekileyo:
1. Isigqubutheli seCeramic
Ukukhetha Izinto: Sebenzisa ngokukhethekileyo i-aluminium oxide ceramic ecocekileyo kakhulu (umxholo we-Al₂O₃ ≥ 95%) okanye i-silicon dioxide ceramic (njengoko kuchaziwe ngumgangatho we-ASTM C609 njenge-"electric ceramic") ukuqinisekisa ukumelana nobushushu (≥ 10¹³ Ω·cm), amandla e-dielectric (≥ 15 kV/mm), kunye namandla oomatshini (amandla okugoba ≥ 150 MPa) ahlangabezana nemigangatho.
Uyilo lwesakhiwo:
* Iibhushi zohlobo lwangaphandle zihlala zinenani kunye nesithuba seebhushi zesambulela ezichazwe yimigangatho ye-ANSI (njengomahluko wobubanzi kunye nobude bolwandiso lwesambulela kwicandelo ngalinye), ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zomgama we-creepage (njenge-10 kV bushing creepage ratio ≥ 25 mm/kV);
* Iibhushi ezisetyenziswa ngaphakathi zihlala zi-cylinders ezigudileyo okanye ezinee-umbrella skirts ezingaphantsi, zigxile kubukhulu obuncinci (ezihambelana neemfuno zokunyamezelana nobukhulu be-ANSI C37.34, ezifana nokuphambuka kobubanzi ≤ ± 0.5 mm).
2. Izixhobo zesinyithi
Izigqubuthelo/iintambo zesinyithi eziphelweni zombini zisebenzisa izinto zentsimbi okanye zobhedu ngokuhambelana nemigangatho ye-ANSI B16.5 (njengentsimbi yekhabhoni egalelweyo, intsimbi engagqwaliyo 304), ukuqinisekisa ukumelana nokugqwala.
Ubungakanani beetheminali zoqhagamshelo bulandela ngokungqongqo imigangatho ye-ANSI (efana nobubanzi bomngxuma webholiti, iinkcukacha zomsonto), ukuqinisekisa ukutshintshwa ngokuthe ngqo kunye neebhasi ezisetyenziswa rhoqo kunye nezihlanganisi zekhebula eMntla Melika (akukho mfuneko yotshintsho olongezelelweyo).
3. Ukutywina kunye noKhuselo(kwiindawo zangaphandle/ezimanzi) Ngokuhambelana neemfuno ze-ANSI C57.19.01, uyilo olutywiniweyo kabini luyamkelwa (ngerabha ye-silicone yobushushu obuphezulu okanye i-epoxy resin ezalisa umsantsa phakathi komzimba we-ceramic kunye nesinamathiselo sesinyithi), kwaye "uvavanyo lokuntywiliselwa emanzini" (njengokumelana nobushushu okuseleyo kwi-≥ 100 MΩ emva kweeyure ezingama-24 zokuntywiliselwa emanzini) lwenziwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba ayimanzi kwimvula enkulu kunye neendawo ezinomswakama ophezulu.