Uhlu kunye nokukhethwa kweTerminal yePlug yeCable yeVoltage ephezulu

1) 110 ~ 220kV intambo yesiphelo sendlela

Xa kusetyenziswa izixhobo ezidityanisiweyo ze-GIS, i-transformer okanye i-GIS ngamanye amaxesha ikhutshwa kwi-transformer okanye kwi-GIS ngokuthe ngqo ngentambo ye-voltage ephezulu endaweni ye-bushing yendabuko. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zee-terminals zezixhobo ze-cable ze-voltage ephezulu, ukukhethwa kwe-GIS efanelekileyo, ukufakwa kwe-transformer kunye ne-cable, uvavanyo kunye nokusebenza kunye nokugcinwa kwexesha elizayo kubaluleke kakhulu.

1.1 Uhlobo lwesiphelo sesixhobo

Isixhobo sokuhambisa intambo kwizixhobo zombane ophezulu sisetyenziselwa ukubopha ngoomatshini i-cable feeder kunye nokudibanisa umbane nge-transformer okanye umzimba wesixhobo esidibeneyo se-GIS. I-epoxy sleeve kwi-cable terminal ithintela ngokufanelekileyo i-insulation oil okanye i-SF6 gas ukuba ingangeni emzimbeni wentambo. Ukuze kusonjululwe ingxaki yokufakelwa kombane ye-cable terminal kwi-epoxy resin casing cavity, isisombululo sendabuko kukugcwalisa i-casing cavity nge-oyile okanye i-SF6 gas. I-terminal yezixhobo zolu hlobo lwentambo yombane ophezulu ibizwa ngokuba yi-oyile-filled (okanye inflatable type), eyaziwa ngokuba yi-wet type. Indlela yayo yokutshaja ayisetyenziswa kakhulu, idla ngokuzaliswa yi-oyile.

Isiphelo sesixhobo esimanzi esizaliswe yioyile kufuneka sigqibezele uqhagamshelo kunye nofakelo lombane kunye noomatshini kunye nendawo yokugcina intambo yokungena kwindawo. Kumsebenzi wovavanyo nokufakela kwintsimi, abasebenzi bomenzi wezixhobo ezinoxinzelelo oluphezulu kufuneka basebenzisane ukugqiba ukutshaja nokukhupha umoya (ioyile) kunye neminye imisebenzi yendawo yokugcina intambo yokungena, kwaye inkqubo yokusebenza inzima kakhulu. Ezinye iziphelo zokuzalisa ioyile ziqhotyoshelwe ngesixhobo sokuphefumla (esinomsebenzi we-transformer-like oil pillow); Ezinye zikwafuna ukusebenzisa indlela ye-vacuum ukuze kufezekiswe i-epoxy resin casing oil injection, ayilunganga kakhulu. Umfanekiso ongezantsi ubonisa isiphelo sentambo se-110kV esizaliswe yioyile esiza kuhlanganiswa kwisixhobo esidibeneyo se-GIS.

Olunye uhlobo lwe-terminal yekhebula yombane ophezulu ngokuphucula uyilo lwesakhiwo, lwaqaphela i-cone yoxinzelelo kunye nentloko yesiphelo sekhebula, i-epoxy resin yomphezulu wangaphakathi we-casing akukho mvumelwano yokucoca kunye nokusasazwa okulinganayo komgca wamandla, ngaphandle kwe-casing ukuya kwi-epoxy resin yokuzalisa ioyile (igesi) kakuhle ukusombulula ingxaki ye-insulation sleeve cavity yombane, olu hlobo lwesiphelo lubizwa ngokuba yi-terminal dry equipment.
I-terminal yekhebula eyomileyo ene-voltage ephezulu ayinayo ioyile kwaye ivalwe ngokupheleleyo, ngoko ke indawo ye-terminal yekhebula ayithintelwanga, kwaye unxibelelwano phakathi kwekhebula kunye nesixhobo esidibeneyo se-GIS okanye i-transformer lunokuphunyezwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo ngokweemfuno zesiza.
Lo mfanekiso ulandelayo ubonisa isiphelo sentambo esomileyo esidityaniswe kwinxalenye esezantsi yebhini yokungena yentambo ekwicala letransformer.

Ngokweempawu zokuhlanganisa ii-terminals zekhebula ezomileyo ezine-voltage ephezulu, zingahlulwa zibe ziindidi ezintathu.
Uhlobo lokuqala luhlobo oluqhelekileyo, oko kukuthi, i-epoxy resin casing kunye nekhebula, ukufakwa kwe-integral ye-stress cone kunye novavanyo.
Inkqubo yokufaka ebaleni ifana kakhulu nesiphelo esimanzi, ngaphandle kokuba isingxobo asizaliswanga yioyile (igesi).
Kumsebenzi wovavanyo nokufakela ebaleni, kusafuneka abasebenzi bomenzi wezixhobo ze-voltage ephezulu ukuba basebenzisane nebala ukuze kugqitywe umsebenzi wokutshaja nokukhupha (ioyile) kwindawo yokugcina i-cable inlet, kwaye inkqubo yokusebenza kunye nokusebenza kofakelo lulonke kunzima kakhulu.
Uhlobo lwesibini luhlobo lwe-plug-in, apho i-epoxy resin sleeve ye-cable terminal inokufakelwa ngokwahlukileyo kwi-cable kunye ne-stress cone, kodwa ayinakuvavanywa ngokwahlukileyo.
Isixhobo sokutshixa i-spring sifakwe kwi-conductive rod eqhotyoshelwe kwi-cable core. Xa isiphelo sentambo sifakwe kwi-epoxy sleeve endaweni yaso, isixhobo sokutshixa i-spring siphuma ngokuzenzekelayo size sitshixe isiphelo sentambo kwi-epoxy sleeve ukuqinisekisa ukuba asiphumi.
Nje ukuba ifakiwe, isiphelo sentambo sale hlobo lwentambo asinakuphinda sitsalwe.
Inkqubo yokufakela i-plug-in cable terminal iyafana naleyo yeklasi yokuqala. Umzekelo, kwizixhobo ezidityanisiweyo ze-GIS, i-epoxy resin sleeve ingafakwa kwi-CABLE inlet bin ye-GIS kwangaphambili kwifektri. I-epoxy resin sleeve ingahlula ngokupheleleyo igesi ye-SF6 kwi-cable inlet bin ngaphandle, nto leyo enciphisa umthwalo womsebenzi womenzi wentsebenziswano kwindawo.
Nangona kunjalo, xa kuvela iingxaki kuvavanyo lwentambo kwaye kufuneka zilungiswe, kusafuneka ukuba kutshajwe kwaye kukhutshwe igesi ekwintambo iye kwibhini yentambo.
Ukongeza, xa kusetyenziswa ii-terminals zekhebula ze-plug-in kwii-transformers, ukufakwa kwazo kunye nomsebenzi wokuvavanya uyafana nee-terminals zekhebula zeklasi yoku-1.
Umfanekiso olandelayo ubonisa i-plug-in cable terminal efakwe kwisixhobo se-GIS.

Uhlobo lwesithathu yi-plug and pull cable terminal, i-casing, i-casing, i-stress cone ingafakwa ngokwahlukeneyo, kwaye ingavavanywa ngokwahlukeneyo;
Intloko yentambo ingafakwa okanye itsalwe.
Ulwakhiwo lwayo lolona lulula kakhulu, kwaye lolona lufakelo lulula kakhulu.
Iiterminal zekhebula ezixhunywayo nazo zahlulwe zibe ziintlobo ezimbini ezinokuphinda zisetyenziswe nezingasetyenziswa kwakhona.
I-terminal yentambo enokuphinda idityaniswe ngokususa iindawo zeplagi yokuphela kwentambo ibizwa ngokuba yi-terminal yentambo ephinda idityaniswe; kungenjalo, yi-terminal yentambo ephinda idityaniswe engaphinde idityaniswe.
Ukufakelwa kwe-plug-in cable terminal ebaleni kuneempawu ezilandelayo:
(1) I-Epoxy resin casing ingafakwa kwaye iqhagamshelwe kwi-GIS okanye kwi-transformer kwangaphambili, kwaye ingavavanywa nge-GIS okanye kwi-transformer ngaxeshanye;
(2) gqibezela nje ukudibanisa inxalenye yentloko yentambo kwindawo leyo;
(3) intambo ingavavanywa ngokwahlukeneyo ngesingxobo sovavanyo, ngaphandle kwentsebenziswano yabavelisi bezixhobo;
(4) Emva kokuphumelela uvavanyo, faka intambo kwisingxobo se-epoxy resin, uze ugqibezele ukufakela emva kokufaka ucingo olusezantsi.
Lo mfanekiso ulandelayo ubonisa umzobo wesicwangciso sesiphelo esiqhelekileyo esinokuxhunywa.

I-plug-in cable terminal kunye nebhokisi ye-GIS zingasetyenziselwa ukwenza isixhumi "se-T-type" sentambo.
Umfanekiso 5 ubonisa intambo ethi “T” edibeneyo efakwe kwitonela, enokwenza intambo ibe nye ize iphume ezimbini kwintambo.
Ingenza le misebenzi ilandelayo ngokuguquguquka: (1) Xa umgca ophumayo kufuneka wongezwe ekuguqulweni kwesitishi esidala, uqhagamshelo lohlobo lwe-“T” lunokuthintela ukunyusa isithuba se-GIS;
(2) Kwicandelo eliphakathi lomgca wentambo, ukusetyenziswa kwentambo yohlobo lwe-“T” kunokubonelela ngombane ngokulula kubasebenzisi abatsha;
③ Xa kukho umgca wokuphuma wexesha elide kodwa ungakahlangabezani neemeko, awukwazi ukufaka umgca wokuphuma kwaye usebenzise indawo yokuphuma yohlobo lwe-"T" kwaye ufake iplagi ekhethekileyo yokugquma, umgca oyintloko ungasetyenziswa;
④ Xa iintambo ezimbini zibekwe ngaxeshanye ukusuka kwisitishi esingaphantsi ixesha elide, kungcono ukukhetha iplagi enye yentambo kwaye usebenzise imo yoqhagamshelo "T" kumbane kwindawo yesebe.
Ukongeza, xa enye yeentambo ezintathu zokusebenza eziqhagamshelwe yi-“T” ingaphumeleli, intambo enengxaki ingatsalwa kwaye ezinye iintambo ezimbini zingaqhubeka nokusebenza emva kokufaka iplagi ekhethekileyo yokukhusela ubushushu.

1.2 Uthelekiso lokusebenza kunye nomgaqo wokukhetha isiphelo sezixhobo zekhebula ezine-voltage ephezulu
Zonke iintlobo zee-terminals zekhebula ezisebenza ngombane zinovavanyo oluqinileyo, zinokuhlangabezana neemfuno zomgangatho wesizwe we-IEC60859, xa kufakelwa, kuvavanyo, ekusebenzeni nasekugcinweni, kwaye kusetyenziswa ezinye iindlela zokuphatha iimpazamo, zonke iintlobo zee-terminals zekhebula zineempawu ezahlukeneyo.
Isiphelo sentambo kufuneka sibe nokusebenza kombane okufanayo, ubushushu bokusebenza kunye nobomi benkonzo njengentambo ekukhethiweyo.
Ulwakhiwo lwesiphelo sentambo kufuneka luqinisekise ukusasazwa kakuhle kombane kwaye luthintele amanyathelo okunciphisa ubushushu.
Ngomgaqo-siseko, inezi zinto zilandelayo:
(1) Ukusebenza kombane.
Eyona nto iphambili ekufuneka iqwalaselwe kukuba ingaba ukusasazwa kwezixhobo zekhebula kusemgangathweni na, nokuba amanyathelo okuphucula ukusasazwa kwezixhobo zombane afanelekile na, amandla ombane ezixhobo, ukulahleka kwe-dielectric kunye nomda wobushushu weemveliso, njl.njl.
Kwangaxeshanye, kuyimfuneko ukuqwalasela uzinzo lweempawu zombane, kuquka iimpawu zeekhemikhali nezomzimba kunye nokuzinza kwesakhiwo sezixhobo zekhebula.
Umzekelo, nokuba ukusebenza kwezixhobo zokulawula uxinzelelo kuzinzile na, nokuba ikhowuni yoxinzelelo kulula ukuyiguqula, impembelelo yokurhoxiswa kwe-cable insulation kukusasazwa kwe-electric field yezixhobo zekhebula kunye namanyathelo okuthintela, ukuhambelana kwezixhobo ezahlukeneyo, uzinzo lweempawu ze-interface, njl.
Ukongeza, ukusebenza kobushushu bezixhobo zekhebula kufanele kuqwalaselwe, njengokulahleka kwe-dielectric, ukumelana noqhagamshelwano loqhagamshelwano lwe-conductor kunye nokuzinza kwayo, ukukhululwa kokuhanjiswa kobushushu, ukwanda kobushushu kunye nokucutheka kwiipropati zombane neze-mechanical zecandelo ngalinye.
(2) Ukusebenza kokutywina.
Ukusebenza kokuvala okumelana nokufuma kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza kombane kunye nobomi benkonzo yezixhobo zekhebula.
Ulwakhiwo lokutywina lwesiphelo luthembekile kwaye luzinzile.

(3) Iimpawu zoomatshini.
Isiphelo sendlela kufuneka sibe nokugoba okwaneleyo kunye nokumelana nokutshayiswa.
(4) Ukusebenza kwenkqubo.
Ukusebenza kwenkqubo yinto ebalulekileyo kuyilo kunye nokukhetha izixhobo zekhebula. Inkqubo yokufaka kufuneka ibe lula kangangoko, ilungele ukwakhiwa kwendawo, kwaye ixesha lokwakha lifutshane.
Iimveliso ezisemgangathweni ophezulu azixhomekekanga kwiimfuno zendawo kunye nenqanaba lobuchwephesha labasebenzi bokufakela;
Umgangatho wofakelo kulula ukuwulawula, umgangatho othembekileyo njalo njalo.
Ukufakelwa kwee-terminals zekhebula kunokugqitywa ngokuzimela ngaphandle kokulungelelaniswa kokukhupha ioyile nomoya ngabavelisi be-transformer okanye be-GIS, kwaye umgangatho wokufakelwa unokuqinisekiswa ngokulula.
(5) Ifanelekile kwiimfuno zeprojekthi.
Iindidi ezininzi zezixhobo zekhebula zineempawu zazo, ukukhethwa kwezixhobo zekhebula kufuneka kugqitywe ngokweemfuno zokusetyenziswa ngokoqobo.
(6) Inkqubo yokuqinisekisa umgangatho yomenzi.
Xa izixhobo zekhebula ezenziwe ngaphambili ziphuma efektri, umenzi ubonelela ngeenxalenye kunye nezinto ezifana nezixhobo zerabha ezenziwe ngaphambili, iikhowuni zoxinzelelo ezenziwe ngaphambili, imikhono yeporcelain, amaqokobhe kunye nee-impregnators, ezihlanganiswa zibe zii-terminals okanye ii-joints ngexesha lokufakelwa kwindawo.
Umgangatho wokwenziwa kunye nenkqubo yokufakela inxalenye nganye ichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo umgangatho wezixhobo zekhebula.
Le nkqubo yokuqinisekisa umgangatho kufuneka iquke ubuncinane oku kulandelayo: ① Uvavanyo lwasefektri kufuneka lwenziwe ngokungqongqo kwiindawo ezibalulekileyo (ezifana ne-rubber stress cone, i-GIS epoxy resin sleeve, i-impregnation agent, njl.njl.).
Jonga ngononophelo ukuba izixhobo zovavanyo kunye nokulinganisa zithembekile na, iindlela zovavanyo ziyasebenza na, abasebenzi bovavanyo baqeqeshwe kakuhle kwaye iirekhodi zovavanyo zigqityiwe;
(2) Ingaba abasebenzi bokufakela kunye nabasebenzi bokwakha abathunyelwe ngumvelisi baqeqeshwe ngokungqongqo kwaye banamava aneleyo okwakha;
(3) Ingaba ulungelelwaniso phakathi kwamasebe ahlukeneyo omenzi lulungile na;
(4) Iirekhodi zangaphambili zokuthengisa kunye nokusebenza.
Xa kukhethwa i-terminal yekhebula, uvavanyo kunye nokugcinwa emva kokuhlanganiswa kwekhebula kunye novavanyo kunye nokugcinwa kwempazamo yekhebula kufuneka kuqwalaselwe ngokupheleleyo. Kufuneka kube lula ukwenza uvavanyo kunye nokugcinwa okwahlukileyo kwekhebula, i-transformer kunye ne-GIS ngaphandle kokuphazamisana.
Kakade ke, ukutshintshiselana, ukusetyenziswa kwakhona, ukungabikho kolondolozo, ulwakhiwo oluncinci kunye nexabiso lemveliso yee-terminals zekhebula nazo zizinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe xa kukhethwa.

Isiphelo sentambo yeplagi ezimbini, eziyi-10 ~ 35kV
2.1 Uhlobo lwesiphelo sesixhobo
Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zeentloko ze-cable plug, ezahlulwe ngokubanzi kwiimodeli zaseMelika nezaseYurophu.
Umsebenzi ophambili weplagi yentambo kukuqhagamshela intambo yesigaba esinye okanye sesigaba sesithathu kunye nekhabhinethi yokutshintsha, i-transformer, ikhabhinethi yenethiwekhi yeringi, ibhokisi yetaphu yentambo kunye nezinye izixhobo zombane.
Yenza iplagi ngaphambi nasemva kokuba iplagi enye ibekwe, iplagi ngaphambi nasemva kokuba iplagi ibekwe kwisakhiwo setyhubhu ye-T, ityhubhu ye-T yomngxuma othe nkqo kunye nomngxuma othe nkqo, iplagi, iplagi ngaphambi nasemva kokuba iplagi ibekwe ngaphambili nasemva kokuba iplagi ibekwe ecaleni, iplagi kunye, i-T i-casing yomngxuma othe nkqo eneziphelo zentambo, umphezulu we-terminal yokucinezela umgca uxhotyiswe ngoxinzelelo,
Isixhobo sokudibanisa sibekwe kumngxuma othe tyaba weplagi engaphambili kunye neplagi engasemva, kwaye isixhobo sokudibanisa siqhagamshelwe kwi-port yokucinezela intambo, kwaye isiphelo sokucinezela intambo siqhagamshelwe kwintambo.
Izihlanganisi kunye neeplagi zangaphambili nangasemva zenziwe kwangaphambili, zinomgca oguquguqukayo wokungena nokuphuma, zinomthamo omncinci, zincinci, zinolwakhiwo oluncinci, zilula ukufakelwa, zikhuselekile kakhulu, zingasetyenziswa kwiikhabhinethi zokutshintsha kunye nomgca wesebe lentambo nakwezinye iindawo, zifanelekile ukufakwa ngaphakathi okanye ngaphandle.

Intloko yeplagi yekhebula ineziteketiso ezininzi, i-elbow joint, i-T joint, i-cable terminal enokwahlulwa njalo njalo.
Ngokubanzi, umgangatho wombane kufuneka ugxininiswe kwi-10kV kunye ne-35kV, kwaye imodeli yesicelo idla ngokwahlulwahlulwa kwiintlobo zaseYurophu naseMelika.
Umahluko ophambili phakathi kolungiselelo lwebhasi yaseMelika neyaseYurophu kunye nentloko yentambo wahlukile, ulungiselelo oluthe tye lwaseMelika, ulungiselelo oluthe nkqo lwaseYurophu.
Umfanekiso ongezantsi ngowaseYurophu.

Intloko yeplagi yentambo yaseYurophu iqhagamshelwe ngohlobo lwebholithi yokukhusela;
Ifanelekile kwikhabhinethi yeswitshi yeringi, ibhokisi yokusasazwa kwentambo, isikhululo sokungenisa kunye nesithuba sokukhupha esifana nebhokisi (intambo yamandla edibeneyo), kunye noqhagamshelo lwentambo yombhobho ogqunywe kabini.
Umaleko ongaphandle unamaleko okhuselayo ohamba kancinci, onokuchukunyiswa ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lomntu;
Ulwakhiwo olulodwa lwekhowuni yoxinzelelo lusasaza ngempumelelo uxinzelelo lwentsimi yombane kwaye lusombulula ukusika komaleko wokukhusela intambo;
Ingxaki yoxinzelelo lwentsimi yombane;
Ukwanda, ukuqhaqha kunye nokuhlanganiswa okuguquguqukayo, kunokugqiba uqhagamshelo lwentambo yohlobo lwe-“T”;
Umoya ongenamoya ugcwele, ubushushu obupheleleyo, ukhuseleko olupheleleyo, akukho monakalo, akukho zikhukula, akukho ngcoliseko.