Umahluko phakathi kwe-zinc oxide arrester kunye ne-elbow arrester

Umahluko phakathiisithinteli se-zinc oxidekwayeinto yokubamba ingqiniba

1. (1) Umgaqo wokusebenza wesixhobo sokubopha uhlobo lwevalvu:
Xa inkqubo iqhelekile, umsantsa wentlantsi uyawuhlukanisa ukumelana nepleyiti yevalvu kwibhasi esebenzayo, ukuze ungatshisi ukumelana nepleyiti yevalvu ngenxa yombane oveliswa kukumelana nepleyiti yevalvu yivolthi esebenzayo.
Xa i-voltage ebhasini esebenzayo idlula ixabiso layo le-voltage yokuqhekeka, umsantsa we-spark uya kwaphulwa uze ukhokelele umsinga wombane ukuba uvuze emhlabeni ngokumelana ne-valve plate. Ngeli xesha, ixabiso lokumelana nokuxhathisa kwe-valve plate liya kwehla ngokuzenzekelayo ukuze kuncitshiswe ukumelana kwiziphelo zayo ezimbini. Uxinzelelo olushiyekileyo lwenzeka.
Emva kokuba umbane unyamalele, i-voltage esebenza kwi-valve plate resistance yi-power frequency voltage. Ngeli xesha, ixabiso le-resistance ye-valve plate resistance liya kunyuka ngokuzenzekelayo, linciphise i-power frequency freewheeling ukuze i-arc icime ngokukhawuleza nangokuthembekileyo.

(2) Isithinteli sevalvu senziwe zizithuba ezininzi zentlantsi kunye nezithinteli zepleyiti yevalvu ezilandelelanayo.
Umgama phakathi kwesithuba sentlantsi mncinci, intsimi yombane ifana nentsimi yombane efanayo, uphawu lwe-volt-second luthe tyaba, kwaye ulungelelwaniso lwe-insulation kulula ukuyiqonda. Ukongeza, izithuba ezininzi zenza i-arc yahlulwe xa i-frequency yamandla iqhubeka nokuhamba. Xa kuthelekiswa ne-arc ende, i-arc emfutshane kulula ukuyinqumla, kwaye amandla okubuyisela amandla e-insulation yesithuba ayaphucuka.
Ukubakho kokumelana nepleyiti yevalvu kuthintela amaza anqumlayo angalungelanga ukugquma. Ukungalungi kwayo kuyenza ibonise ukumelana okuphantsi xa idlula umbane ukuze inciphise i-voltage eseleyo ye-arrester kwaye iphucule ukusebenza kokhuseleko; xa idlula i-frequency yamandla i-freewheeling, ibonisa ukumelana okuphezulu kwaye i-voltage ayiguquki ukuze inciphise i-frequency yamandla i-freewheeling kwaye iphucule ukusebenza kokucima i-arc.

2. (1) Umgaqo wokusebenza we-zinc oxide arrester:
Phantsi kwesenzo sevolthi yokusebenza, umbane ohamba ngevalvu ye-ZnO ungaphantsi kakhulu kune-1mA (icandelo eliphambili yi-capacitive current), elingana ne-insulator kwaye ayiyi kuyitshisa ivalvu, ngoko ke umbane osebenzayo unokwahlulwa ngaphandle kwesithuba sothotho.
Xa i-voltage esetyenziswa kwi-valve ye-ZnO idlula ixabiso elithile (i-voltage yokuqala yokusebenza ye-U1mA), kuya kwenzeka "ukuvula". Emva kwe-"ukuvula", ukumelana kwe-valve ye-ZnO kuncinci kakhulu, kwaye i-voltage eseleyo inxulumene nomsinga ohamba kuyo. Ayinamsebenzi konke konke.
Xa i-voltage esetyenzisiweyo yehla ngaphantsi kwe-voltage esebenzayo, i-"on" yepleyiti yevalvu ye-ZnO iyaphela, nto leyo elingana ne-insulator, ngoko ke akukho frequency yamandla e-freewheeling.
Yiyo le nto i-MOA inokufikelela kwi-seamless flow ngaphandle kwe-freewheeling. (Umbane ohambayo uba yi-insulator kwixesha elidlulileyo, ngoko ke ngumbane ohambayo kuphela odlula kwi-ZnO valve plate)
Xa kuthelekiswa neevalvu ze-silicon carbide SiC, iivalvu ze-ZnO zineempawu ezifanelekileyo ze-volt-ampere ezingezizo ezingqalileyo.

(2) Xa kuthelekiswa ne-arrester yendabuko eyenziwe nge-SiC valve disc kunye ne-series gap, i-zinc oxide gapless arrester inezi nzuzo zilandelayo:
①Isakhiwo esilula, esifanelekileyo kwimveliso enkulu ezenzekelayo, ubungakanani obuncinci, ubunzima obulula kunye nexabiso eliphantsi.
② Ukusebenza kakuhle kokhuseleko. Ngenxa yokuba ivalvu ye-ZnO ineempawu ezibalaseleyo ze-volt-ampere, i-voltage eseleyo iphantsi; inokukhupha amandla ngexesha lonke le-overvoltage, kwaye akukho spark, ngoko ke akukho xesha lokulibaziseka lokukhupha, kwaye ineempawu ezilungileyo zokuphendula kwamaza aqatha, ngakumbi ezifanelekileyo kwi-GIS Protection ye-substations ezigqunywe yigesi kunye neenkqubo ze-DC.
③Ubuchule obuqinileyo bokumelana nezenzo eziphindaphindwayo, kufunxa kuphela amandla e-over-voltage, akukho mfuneko yokufunxa amandla ahamba nge-freewheeling.
④Umthamo omkhulu wokuhamba kwamanzi. Umthamo wokuhamba kwamanzi kwindawo nganye yevalvu ye-ZnO uphindwe kane ukuya kahlanu kunowevalvu ye-SiC. Ingasetyenziswa njengokhuselo oluxhasayo lombane ogqithisileyo ngaphakathi.
⑤Ukumelana kakuhle kwamabala. Ekubeni kungekho msantsa wochungechunge, ingxaki yombane ongaguqukiyo wokukhupha umsantsa wochungechunge lwentlantsi ngenxa yongcoliseko olungalinganiyo kumphezulu wesingxobo seporcelain inokuphetshwa, kwaye kulula ukwenza izithinteli zokuthintela ungcoliseko kunye nokucoca bukhoma. (Ayichaphazeleki kungcoliseko lomphezulu)